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Paleolithic Dawn: The 3.3 Million Year Spark

Stone tools found at the Lomekwi 3 site in Kenya date back 3.3 million years, predating the Homo genus by 700,000 years. This investigation tracks the evolution of technology from the first basalt flakes to the complex Oldowan industry of Homo habilis and the mastery of fire by Homo erectus 400,000 years ago. These biological and technological shifts fueled brain growth and allowed early humans to migrate across the Wallace Line into Australia and create the cinematic art of Chauvet Cave. Evidence from Shanidar Cave reveals that Neanderthals practiced communal care for their injured, challenging long-held myths about their primitive nature.